钢铁企业日际煤气最优混合配比的算法研究

钢铁企业根据日际生产计划,可以确定日际生产的副产煤气总体积、各煤气消耗设备的热量需求。为进一步确定各设备消耗的混合煤气中的煤气配比,使煤气产耗平衡,提出混合煤气逆向分解方法,将各设备消耗的混合煤气中所包含的单一煤气成分体积,表示为各设备获得热量与混合煤气热值的函数,在此基础上建立日际煤气最优混合配比算法模型。该模型以各设备的混合煤气热值及热量作为决策变量,以各煤气消耗设备的热量偏差最小为目标,综合考虑各煤气设备的热值要求、自备电厂的热值、热量要求及煤气体积守恒等约束条件。采用遗传算法求解,并利用遗传算法基因初始化的范围区间控制混合煤气的热值范围。算例结果表明:建立的日际煤气最优混合配比算法模型,在优化煤气分配的同时,显著减少了约束方程及决策变量的数量,为钢铁企业日际煤气平衡调度提供了理论支撑。     

Ex post demand information sharing between differentiated suppliers and a common retailer

We consider ex post demand information sharing in a two-echelon supply chain in which two suppliers sell differentiated products through a common retailer. We model three scenarios of information sharing to characterise the conditions under which information sharing may benefit or hurt different players: (1) no supplier is informed; (2) only one supplier is informed; and (3) both suppliers are informed. We find that the retailer may voluntarily share the low demand information when the product differentiation and demand magnitude satisfy certain conditions. In contrast, the retailer has no incentive to share the high demand information, even though this information benefits the suppliers. To achieve information sharing, we propose a side payment mechanism, which allows benefitted players to subsidise hurtful players. Finally, we extend our model by considering a situation where the suppliers have limited capacity and may invest to ramp up production capacity to satisfy a high demand.     

Modeling Alcohol Dehydrogenase Catalysis in Deep Eutectic Solvent/Water Mixtures

The use of oxidoreductases (EC1) in non-conventional reaction media has been increasingly explored. In particular, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as a novel class of solvents. Herein, an in-depth study of bioreduction with an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in the DES glyceline is presented. The activity and stability of ADH in mixtures of glyceline/water with varying water contents were measured. Furthermore, the thermodynamic water activity and viscosity of mixtures of glyceline/water have been determined. For a better understanding of the observations, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to quantify the molecular flexibility, hydration layer, and intraprotein hydrogen bonds of ADH. The behavior of the enzyme in DESs follows the classic dependence of water activity (a_W) in non-conventional media. At low a_W values (<0.2), ADH does not show any activity; at higher a_W values, the activity was still lower than that in pure water due to the high viscosities of the DES. These findings could be further explained by increased enzyme flexibility with increasing water content.     

Microwave dielectric properties of SrLa[Ga1−x(Mg0.5Ti0.5)x]O4 and SrLa[Ga1−x(Zn0.5Ti0.5)x]O4 (x = 0.2-0.8) ceramics

SrLa[Ga_1−x(R_0.5Ti_0.5)_x]O₄ (R = Mg, Zn) ceramics were prepared by a standard solid state sintering method. The single-phase ceramics with K₂NiF₄-type layered perovskite structure and I4/mmm space group were obtained, indicating that SrLa(R_0.5Ti_0.5) and SrLaGaO₄ can form the unlimited solid solutions. With increasing x for R = Mg and Zn, ε_r increases monotonously, the Qf value first increases and then decreases, while τ_f increases from a negative to a positive value. The optimized microwave dielectric properties were obtained as following: ε_r = 23.3, Qf = 89 400 GHz, τ_f = −0.8 ppm/°C for SrLa[Ga_0.6(Mg_0.5Ti_0.5)_0.4]O₄ and ε_r = 23.3, Qf = 76 200 GHz, τ_f = 0.2 ppm/°C for SrLa[Ga_0.7(Zn_0.5Ti_0.5)_0.3]O₄, indicating that the present solid solution ceramics are the promising candidates as microwave resonator materials for the telecommunication applications.     

石墨烯热电器件栅控特性研究

为了获得一种稳定可控的能源，提出一种栅控石墨烯热电器件。通过对石墨烯通道的载流子输运机理的分析，获得了温度和栅压对通道电阻的影响。依据半经典Mott公式推导了石墨烯塞贝克系数的表达式，同时给出了石墨烯的电导率和热导率模型。最后通过有限元分析(FEA)建模获得不同栅压条件下的器件温度，当栅极电压V_B=0 V时，石墨烯热电器件热端和冷端温度差为30 K；当V_B=6 V时，最大温差达到50 K；当V_B=30 V时，最小温差只有10 K。结果表明，栅压对热电器件的性能有明显的调控性。该研究可为石墨烯热电器件的设计提供理论参考。     

有色金属工业含砷污染物处理研究进展

综述了有色金属工业砷污染物的来源及其无害化处理的方法,分析了包封固砷(水泥固化和玻璃固化)和矿物固砷(钙盐、铝盐、镁盐、硫化沉淀法)的优缺点和局限性,重点对将砷以臭葱石形式进行安全处理的合成方法和浸出稳定性的研究现状进行阐述。分析表明,晶态臭葱石合成是将砷以臭葱石形式进行安全处置的基础,稳定性是关键,进一步降低溶液过饱和度以实现大尺寸、高稳定性臭葱石的合成是发展方向。     

气体裂变产物88Kr半衰期测量

为准确测定气体裂变产物⁸⁸Kr的半衰期，本工作从辐照铀靶中分离得到3个放化纯的⁸⁸Kr气体测量源。以⁸⁵Kr作内标监督源，¹³⁷Cs或⁵⁷Co作外标监督源，使用多个HPGe探测器分别采用单探测器位置接力法和双探测器位置接力法跟踪测量⁸⁸Kr 196.3 keV能量的特征γ射线，跟踪时间均在8个半衰期以上，以获得其半衰期数据。对3次独立测量数据用多种方法进行处理，最终得到⁸⁸Kr半衰期测定结果为（2.796±0.015） h。     

制备金属铪的新进展

金属铪在核能、航天以及军工领域有着得天独厚的优势,国内外对于金属铪的研究正如火如荼的进行。锆铪相伴而生,本文介绍了锆铪的火法和湿法分离,综述了金属热还原法和熔盐电脱氧法制备金属铪通过熔盐电解法、碘化精练法、电子束熔炼法精炼金属铪,就各种方法的优缺点和绿色生产的需求来看,新型熔盐电脱氧法和联合精炼法是值得发展和探究的方向。     

安徽省凤阳县焦台陈含金石墨矿物质组份研究

本文通过详细的镜下光、薄片鉴定、电子探针分析、单矿物分析、物相分析等手段查明了安徽省凤阳县焦台陈含金石墨矿中矿石的化学组成、矿石中的主要矿物,对其特征做了详尽的描述,并对主要矿物石墨的粒级分布及其镶嵌特征做了认真分析,阐明了影响石墨回收的矿物学因素。